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Hypnosis as treatment

Article by Eugen

Hypnosis as treatmentIn our modern world we must knoe modern methods of treatment . Each person should know about hypnosis and telepathy , because we need the help of parapsychology and other new abilities of the doctors and psychologists . Do you know hypnosis ?Hypnosis is a mental state (state theory) or imaginative role-enactment (non-statetheory) usually induced by a procedure known as a hypnotic induction, which iscommonly composed of a long series of preliminary instructions and suggestions.Hypnotic suggestions may be delivered by a hypnotist in the presence of the subject,or may be self-administered (“self-suggestion” or “autosuggestion”). The use ofhypnotism for therapeutic purposes is referred to as “hypnotherapy”.Hypnotherapy is therapy that is undertaken with a subject in hypnosis.The word “hypnosis” (from the Greek hypnos, “sleep”) is an abbreviation of JamesBraid’s (1841) term “neuro-hypnotism”, meaning “sleep of the nervous system”.A person who is hypnotized displays certain unusual characteristics andpropensities, compared with a non-hypnotized subject, most notablyhyper-suggestibility, which some authorities have considered a sine qua non ofhypnosis. For example, Clark L. Hull, probably the first major empirical researcherin the field, wrote,”If a subject after submitting to the hypnotic procedure shows no genuineincrease in susceptibility to any suggestions whatever, there seems no point incalling him hypnotised…”Hypnotherapy is often applied in order to modify a subject’s behavior, emotionalcontent, and attitudes, as well as a wide range of conditions includingdysfunctional habits, anxiety, stress-related illness, pain management, and personaldevelopment.A therapist who utilizes hypnosis as a primary tool for assisting clients to achievetheir goals. A Hypnotherapist often differs from others therapists by focusing onthe role of subconscious behaviors and influences on the client’s life.In 1973, Dr. John Kappas, Founder of the Hypnosis Motivation Institute, wrote anddefined the profession of a Hypnotherapist in the Federal Dictionary of OccupationalTitles:”Induces hypnotic state in client to increase motivation or alter behavior patterns:Consults with client to determine nature of problem. Prepares client to enterhypnotic state by explaining how hypnosis works and what client will experience.Tests subject to determine degree of physical and emotional suggestibility. Induceshypnotic state in client, using individualized methods and techniques of hypnosisbased on interpretation of test results and analysis of client’s problem. May trainclient in self-hypnosis conditioning.”Hypnotherapy takes many different forms, and has integrated elements from, and inturn influenced, other psychotherapeutic traditions throughout its history.The form of hypnotherapy practiced by most Victorian hypnotists, including JamesBraid and Hippolyte Bernheim, mainly employed direct suggestion of symptom removal, with some use of therapeutic relaxation and occasionally aversion to alcohol, drugs, etc. This simple form of treatment employed relatively direct methods and fewtheoretical constructs, but has continued to influence most subsequent forms ofhypnotherapy.In 1895 Sigmund Freud and Joseph Breuer published a seminal clinical text entitledStudies in Hysteria (1895) which promoted a new approach to psychotherapy. Freud and Breuer used hypnosis to regress clients to an earlier age in order to help themremember and abreact supposedly repressed traumatic memories. Although Freudgradually abandoned hypnotherapy in favour of his developing method of psychoanalysis, his early work continued to influence many subsequenthypnotherapists. However, as Freud later conceded, his French rival Pierre Janet hadalready published a case study describing the use of age regression in hypnoticpsychotherapy, a few years earlier.Subsequent regression hypnotherapy was sometimes known as “hypnoanalysis”, “analytic hypnotherapy”, or “psychodynamic hypnotherapy.” Many practitioners worked in ways that bore only faint resemblance to Freud’s original approach, although otherscontinued to be influenced by later psychoanalytic theory and practice.Hypnoanalysis found support in both world wars where it was used by militarypsychiatrists as a rapid alternative to psychoanalysis in the treatment ofshellshock, now known as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).Considerable controversy developed regarding the use of regression to uncoverallegedly repressed memories in the 1990s as the result of several high-profilelegal cases, where clients sued their therapists over claims of false memorysyndrome.Milton H. Erickson was one of the most influential hypnotists of the 20th century.From around the 1950s onward, Erickson developed a radically different approach tohypnotism, which has subsequently become known as “Ericksonian hypnotherapy” or”Neo-Ericksonian hypnotherapy.” Erickson made use of a more informal conversationalapproach with many clients and complex language patterns, and therapeuticstrategies. However, this very divergence from tradition led some of his colleagues,most notably Andre Weitzenhoffer, to dispute whether Erickson was right to label hisapproach “hypnosis” at all. Nevertheless, Erickson’s work continues to be one of themost influential forces in modern hypnotherapy.The founders of Neurolinguistic Programming (NLP), a methodology similar in someregards to hypnotism, claimed that they had modelled the work of Ericksonextensively and assimilated it into their approach called the Milton Model.Weitzenhoffer disputed whether NLP bears any genuine resemblance to Erickson’s work.Cognitive behavioural hypnotherapy (CBH) is an integrated psychological therapyemploying clinical hypnosis and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT).In 1974, Theodore Barber and his colleagues published an influential review of theresearch which argued, following the earlier social psychology of Theodore R.Sarbin, that hypnotism was better understood not as a “special state” but as theresult of normal psychological variables, such as active imagination, expectation,appropriate attitudes, and motivation. Barber introduced the term”cognitive-behavioral” to describe the nonstate theory of hypnotism, and discussedits application to behavior therapy.The growing application of cognitive and behavioral psychological theories andconcepts to the explanation of hypnosis paved the way for a closer integration ofhypnotherapy with various cognitive and behavioral therapies. However, manycognitive and behavioral therapies were themselves originally influenced by olderhypnotherapy techniques, e.g., the systematic desensitisation of Joseph Wolpe, thecardinal technique of early behavior therapy, was originally called “hypnoticdesensitisation” and derived from the Medical Hypnotism (1948) of Lewis Wolberg.The traditional style of hypnotherapy can be seen as a precursor ofcognitive-behavioral therapy insofar as both place emphasis upon “common sense”theoretical explanations and the use of relaxation, and rehearsal of positive ideasand imagery in therapy. Modern cognitive therapy primarily differs from previoushypnotherapy approaches by placing much greater emphasis upon the direct Socraticdisputation of negative beliefs. However, cognitive-behavioral hypnotherapists haveassimilated this technique alongside their use of hypnosis.From the 1980s onward various clinical textbooks about CBH were written byresearchers such as Steven Jay Lynn, Irving Kirsch, E. Thomas Dowd, William Golden,and Assen Alladin.Professional membership boards :* American Society of Clinical Hypnosis (ASCH) was founded in 1957 by MiltonErickson, MD. It is an interdisciplinary organization of medical, dental and mentalhealth professionals interested in the clinical use of hypnosis. ASCH promotesunderstanding and use of hypnosis as a clinical tool with broad applications inmedicine, dentistry and mental health. ASCH offers training and certificationprograms and provides practitioners with ethical and treatment guidelines for theclinical use of hypnosis by trained, licensed professionals. Currently, ASCH hasnearly 2,000 members in the U.S., Canada and other countries.The practice of hypnosis is not only used for entertainment in stage shows but alsoit is used effectively in treating mental and bodily disorders. Even though hypnosisis a scientific technique mystery still shrouds it and people look at it from askeptical point of view. There are many uses of hypnosis and it can treatindividuals suffering from hypochondria or other bodily or mental problems. Hypnosisis nothing but a trance like condition of the mind where the subconscious mind ofthe individual accepts suggestions that are external and may be verbal ornon-verbal. It is however extremely important that the method be used only bytrained practitioners of the technique who know the advantages and disadvantages ofthe technique. One can find traces of healing the mind in some of the cultures ofthe world that used the technique of hypnosis but were not aware of its scientificbackground.

Hypnosis is effectively used in making individuals give up habits like smoking,managing extreme pain, losing weight, getting rid of addictions, and even changinghabits of individuals. Hypnosis treatment is the best alternative method over theconventional ways of treating mental and bodily problems. The power of the mind isunleashed by hypnosis, the mind accepts external stimuli easily, and thus one cansurely hope for positive changes in the behavior of the individuals. Mental andbodily relaxation is best achieved by the method of hypnosis and one can even hopefor improving their memory, concentration, visualization, getting rid of emotionaltrauma, and other metal problems. Hypnosis has also proved its capacity to healphysical conditions like asthma, migraine, enuresis, obesity, bowel disorders, andpain management during childbirth. One can surely hope for bringing permanentbehavioral changes by the use of hypnosis treatment. The effect of hypnosis is notat all a placebo effect but it can be of great help in achieving long-term mentaland physical relaxation.Millions of people throughout the world suffer from anxiety caused by stress andeven in its least severe form it can have an adverse effect on your health and dayto day life. People suffering from extreme cases of anxiety can even become housebound, suffering from agoraphobia. While the majority of us can deal with stress andanxiety on a daily basis and let it go, millions throughout the world cannot and areforced to suffer a limited existence.Hypnosis has a calming affect on the whole body that alleviates both stress andanxiety.There are many ways that anxiety can be reduced, a doctor can prescribe medicationand it might be advisable and needed at first. There are also many therapiesavailable to those suffering including learning relaxation techniques andmeditation. However, despite the wide variety of treatments, one of the most popularalternatives is hypnosis therapy.There are different ways to take advantage of and use hypnosis. In the simplest formhypnosis can be done at home, all that is needed is to purchase one of many DVD`s ortapes that are specially prepared for home use and listen to it. The other option isgoing to a hypnotist who will guide you throughout a session or several sessions, inorder for you to get on top of your problem.Hypnosis has been scientifically validated as an effective way to treat anxiety,stress, depression, low self-esteem and other psychological disorders.How does hypnotherapy work with anxiety?Stress and anxiety and especially the symptoms that anxiety produces are all in themind, meaning they are thoughts and feelings from signals that the brain sends out.In reality when suffering from anxiety you are tricked by your brain into thinkingthere is something wrong. If you were to just let the feelings pass without givingthem any credence then they would simply disappear, however those who suffer don’t.They hang onto the feelings and let them bother them; they believe that somethingmust be seriously wrong for them to feel this way. The more they think and let thefeelings bother them, over time these feelings get instilled in the mind and thisbecomes the natural way of thinking.Hypnosis is a proven method for overcoming anxiety. The process of hypnosis isrewarding, positive, safe and gentle.Using hypnotherapy changes the pattern of your thoughts, it brings you out of thestupor you have put yourself in and teaches you how to let these thoughts, feelingsand worries go and come back to the real world. It brings back and establishes yourpattern of free will, which through sheer terror you let go. You are then able to react to everyday occurrences and stress as you had previously before this took a hold of you. Hypnosis merely interrupts this new way of thinking that you have quickly let establish and returns your old way of thinking, thereby freeing you from the debilitating life that you have made for yourself and allows you instead to be the person that you once were.Hypnosis is perhaps one of the best ways to overcome problems with anxiety as itfocuses on the true problem at heart, the brain and its pattern. It is one of thesafest ways and a way that anyone can go as the therapy can be undertaken in thepersons home where they feel most comfortable.

Relaxation in to Self Reliance and Constructive ChangesMeditation is one way to achieve relaxation. Meditation is considered mind-guidedcontrol because you are allowing your mind to open up by breathing and visualizingyourself in a relaxed state. Another form of mind-guided control is self- inducedhypnosis. Self- induced hypnosis should be learned from a professional before youstart practicing at home. Self- induced hypnosis allows you to relax by going insidethe power of your mind. To understand the technique you will want to go online andspeak with a qualified professional.Once you have completed the relaxation phase of your self-hypnosis inductionprocedure, you can begin to deepen the relaxed state.How hypnotherapy benefits you:When you learn hypnotherapy, you will learn control. Most individuals feel theycannot relax even when they try because the stress leaks into their mind. Withself-hypnosis, you learn new skills to attain relaxation. Individuals who havephobias, fears, or other disorders often find self- hypnosis will help them throughtimes of an anxiety attack. Specialist believe learning to control any fear willhelp build a stronger person as well as a stronger relationship with others.Self-hypnosis will also help control your emotions by learning to observe yourselfand your actions before letting your emotions rule.

www.egs.edu Bracha L. Ettinger, Israeli-French psychoanalyst, painter, artist and feminist theorist, discussing her paintings, notebooks and work on the matrixial borderspace, trans-subjectivity, co-poiesis and trauma. She describes the relation between her artistic practice and psychoanalytic practice. Bracha L. Ettinger at a public open lecture for the students of the European Graduate School EGS, Media and Communication Studies department program, Saas-Fee, Switzerland, Europe, 2007 Born in Tel Aviv (and of Israeli and British nationality), Bracha L. Ettinger received her Ph.D. in Aesthetics of Art from the University of Paris VIII, a DEA in Psychoanalysis from the University of Paris VII, and an MA in Clinical Psychology from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. She is the Marcel Duchamp Professor of Psychoanalysis and Art at the Media & Communications Division, European Graduate School (EGS), Saas-Fee. She lives in Paris. Bracha L. Ettinger presents an original theoretical exploration of shared affect and emergent expression, across the thresholds of identity and memory. Ettinger works through Lacan’s late works, the anti-Oedipal perspectives of Deleuze and Guattari, as well as object-relations theory to critique the phallocentrism of mainstream Lacanian theory and to rethink the masculine-feminine opposition. She replaces the phallic structure with a dimension of emergence, where objects, images, and meanings are glimpsed in their incipiency, before they are …
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